ARTICLE 1. DEFINITIONS - Code of the City of Paola, Kansas

The following words and phrases when used in this ordinance shall, for the purpose of this ordinance and other traffic ordinances, have the meanings respectively ascribed to them in this section except when the context otherwise requires.

Alcoholic Beverage. Any alcoholic liquor, as defined by K.S.A. 41-102 and amendments thereto, or any cereal malt beverage, as defined by K.S.A. 41-2701 and amendments thereto.

Alcohol Concentration. The number of grams of alcohol per 100 milliliters of blood or per 210 liters of breath.

Alley. A street or highway intended to provide access to the rear or side of lots or buildings in urban districts and not intended for the purpose of through vehicular traffic.

All-Terrain Vehicle. Any motorized nonhighway vehicle, other than an electric-assisted bicycle, 55 inches or less in width measured from the outside of one tire rim to the outside of the other tire rim, having a dry weight of 1,500 pounds or less, and traveling on three or more nonhighway tires. (K.S.A. 8-1402a; K.S.A. 8-126)

Antique. Any vehicle, including an antique military vehicle, more than 35 years old, propelled by a motor using petroleum fuel, steam or electricity, or any combination thereof, regardless of the age or type of the components or equipment installed on the vehicle (K.S.A. 8-166 (a))

Arterial Street. Any U.S. or state numbered route, controlled access highway or other major radial or circumferential street or highway designated by local authorities within their respective jurisdictions as part of a major arterial system of streets or highways.

Authorized Emergency Vehicle. Such fire department vehicles or police bicycles or police vehicles which are publicly owned; motor vehicles operated by ambulance services permitted by the emergency medical services board under the provisions of K.S.A.65-6101 et seq., and amendments thereto; wreckers, tow trucks or car carriers, as defined by K.S.A. 66-1329, and amendments thereto, and having a certificate of public service from the state corporation commission; and such other publicly or privately owned vehicles which are designated as emergency vehicles pursuant to K.S.A. 8-2010, and amendments thereto.

Authorized Utility or Telecommunication Vehicle. (1) A motor vehicle operated by an authorized person as defined in K.S.A. 66-1710, and amendments thereto, for an electric or natural gas public utility as defined in K.S.A. 66-104, and amendments thereto, or a municipality-owned utility, when such motor vehicle is utilized for repairs that are needed on electric utility or natural gas equipment to restore necessary services or ensure public safety and is making use of visual signals meeting the requirements of K.S.A. 8-1731, and amendments thereto; and (2) a motor vehicle operated by a provider, as defined in K.S.A. 17-1902, and amendments thereto, or a wireless infrastructure provide or a wireless services provider, as defined in K.S.A. 66-2019, and amendments thereto, when such vehicle is utilized for repairs and is making use of visual signals meeting the requirements of K.S.A. 8-1731, and amendments thereto. (K.S.A. 8-15,114(e))

Autocycle. A three-wheel motorcycle that has a steering wheel and seating that does not require the operator to straddle or sit astride it.

Bicycle. Every device propelled by human power upon which any person may ride, having two tandem wheels, either of which is more than 14 inches in diameter.

Bus. Every motor vehicle designed for carrying more than 10 passengers and used for the transportation of persons; and every motor vehicle, other than a taxicab, designed and used for the transportation of persons for compensation.

Business District. The territory contiguous to and including a highway when within any 600 feet along such highway there are buildings in use for business or industrial purposes, including but not limited to hotels, banks or office buildings, railroad stations and public buildings which occupy at least 300 feet of frontage on one side or 300 feet collectively on both sides of the highway.

Chief of Police. The chief of police of the city, or any member of the police department of the city designated by the chief of police to act in his or her place.

Church Bus. Every bus owned by a religious organization, and operated for the transportation of persons to or from services or activities of such religious organization. As used in this section, religious organization means any organization, church, body of communicants or group, gathered in common membership for mutual edification in piety, worship and religious observances, or a society of individuals united for religious purposes at a definite place.

City or This City. A city incorporating this ordinance by reference and whose name is stated in the incorporating ordinance.

Commercial Motor Vehicle. A motor vehicle designed or used to transport passengers or property, if:

(a) The vehicle has a gross vehicle weight rating of 26,001 or more pounds or such lesser rating, as determined by rules and regulations adopted by the secretary, but shall not be more restrictive than the federal regulation;

(b) The vehicle is designed to transport 16 or more passengers, including the driver; or

(c) The vehicle is transporting hazardous materials and is required to be placarded in accordance with 49 C.F.R. § 172, subpart F.

Controlled-Access Highway. Every highway, street or roadway in respect to which owners or occupants of abutting lands and other persons have no legal right of access to or from the same, except at such points only and in such manner as may be determined by the public authority having jurisdiction over such highway, street or roadway.

Crosswalk.

(a) That part of a roadway at an intersection included within the connections of the lateral lines of sidewalks on opposite sides of the highway measured from the curbs or, in the absence of curbs, from the edges of the traversable roadway; or

(b) Any portion of a roadway at an intersection or elsewhere distinctly indicated for pedestrian crossing by lines or other markings on the surface.

Day Care Program. Those which provide day service for development in self-help, social, recreational, and work skills for people with intellectual and other disabilities, giving priority to providing services for young people with severe intellectual and other disabilities.

Day Care Program Bus. Every bus used primarily to carry out functions of a day care program or used by a child care facility licensed by the Kansas department of health and environment who provides transportation for children six through 18 years of age.

Department or Motor Vehicle Department or Vehicle Department. The division of vehicles of the department of revenue, acting directly or through its duly authorized officers and agents. When acting on behalf of the department of revenue pursuant to this act, a county treasurer shall be deemed to be an agent of the state of Kansas.

Digital Network. Any online-enabled application, software, website or system offered or utilized by a transportation network company that enables the prearrangement of rides with transportation network company drivers. (K.S.A. 8-2702(a))

Director. The director of vehicles.

Divided Highway. A highway divided into two or more roadways by leaving an intervening space or by a physical barrier or by a clearly indicated dividing section so constructed as to impede vehicular traffic.

Division. The division of vehicles of the department of revenue.

Drag Race. The operation of two or more vehicles from a point side by side at accelerating speeds in a competitive attempt to out-distance each other, or the operation of one or more vehicles over a common selected course, from the same point to the same point, for the purpose of comparing the relative speeds or power of acceleration of such vehicle or vehicles within a certain distance or time limit.

Drawbar. A bar across the rear of a motor vehicle, or a device securely attached to the motor vehicle, which maintains a fixed position and to which a towbar may be coupled.

Driveaway-Towaway Operations. Any operation in which any motor vehicle, trailer or semitrailer, singly or in combination, new or used, constitutes the commodity being transported, when one set or more of wheels of any such vehicle are on the roadway during the course of transportation, whether or not any such vehicle furnishes the motive power.

Driver. Every person who drives or is in actual physical control of a vehicle.

Driver’s License. Any license to operate a motor vehicle issued under the laws of this state.

Electric-Assisted Bicycle. A bicycle with two or three wheels, a saddle, fully operative pedals for human propulsion, and an electric motor of less than 750 watts that meets the requirements of one of the following three classes:

(a) Class 1 electric-assisted bicycle means an electric assisted bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling and ceases to provide assistance when the bicycle reaches the speed of 20 miles per hour;

(b) Class 2 electric-assisted bicycle means an electric assisted bicycle equipped with a motor that may be used exclusively to propel the bicycle and is not capable of providing assistance when the bicycle reaches the speed of 20 miles per hour; or

(c) Class 3 electric-assisted bicycle means an electric assisted bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling and ceases to provide assistance when the bicycle reaches the speed of 28 miles per hour. (K.S.A. 8-1489)

Electric-Assisted Scooter. Every self-propelled vehicle, other than an electric-assisted bicycle, that has at least two wheels in contact with the ground, an electric motor, handlebars, a brake and a deck that is designed to be stood upon when riding. (K.S.A.8-126(g))

Electronic Certificate of Title. Any electronic record of ownership, including any lien or liens that may be recorded, retained by the division in accordance with K.S.A. Supp. 8-135d, and amendments thereto.

Electric Personal Assistive Mobility Device. A self-balancing two nontandem wheeled device, designed to transport only one person, with an electric propulsion system that limits the maximum speed of the device to 15 miles per hour or less.

Electric Vehicle. A vehicle that is powered by an electric motor drawing current from rechargeable storage batteries or other portable electric energy storage devices, provided the recharge energy must be drawn from a source off the vehicle, such as, but not limited to:

(a) Residential electric service;

(b) An electric vehicle charging station, also called an EV charging station, an electric recharging point, a charging point, EVSE (Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment) or a public charging station.

Essential Parts. All integral and body parts of a vehicle of a type required to be registered hereunder, the removal, alteration or substitution of which would tend to conceal the identity of the vehicle or substantially alter its appearance, model, type or mode of operation.

Exhibition of Speed or Acceleration. Those acts which cause or create unnecessary rapid acceleration, unnecessary tire squeal, skid, smoke, or slide upon acceleration or stopping including the casting of tread, gravel, dirt or other road surface materials from the tires; acts that simulate a temporary race; acts that cause the vehicle to unnecessarily turn abruptly, sway or lose traction with the road surface.

Farm Tractor. Every motor vehicle designed and used primarily as a farm implement for drawing plows, mowing machines and other implements of husbandry, and such term shall include every self-propelled implement of husbandry. (K.S.A. 8-1420).

Farm Trailer. Every trailer and semitrailer as those terms are defined in this section, designed and used primarily as a farm vehicle.

Funeral Escort. A person or entity that provides escort services for funeral processions, including law enforcement personnel and agencies and groups designated to escort military funeral processions. (K.S.A. 8-1349(c))

Funeral Lead Vehicle. Any authorized law enforcement or nonlaw enforcement motor vehicle properly equipped pursuant to Sec. 163, and amendments thereto, or a funeral escort vehicle being used to lead and facilitate the movement of a funeral procession. A funeral hearse may serve as a funeral lead vehicle. (K.S.A. 8-1349(b))

Funeral Procession. Two or more vehicles accompanying the body of a deceased person, or traveling to the cemetery, church, chapel or other location where the funeral service is to be held, in the daylights hours, including a funeral lead vehicle or a funeral escort. (K.S.A. 8-1349(a))

Golf Cart. A motor vehicle that does not have fewer than three wheels in contact with the ground, an unladen weight of not more than 1,800 pounds, is designed to be and is operated at not more than 25 miles per hour and is designed to carry not more than four persons including the driver. (K.S.A. 8-1495)

Governing Body. In commission and commission-manager cities, the mayor shall be considered part of the city governing body in all matters. In mayor-council, modified mayor-council and mayor-council-manager cities, the mayor shall be considered part of the city governing body for the purpose of voting on the passage of a charter ordinance. Whether the mayor is considered part of the governing body for purposes of voting on any other matter shall otherwise be established by ordinance of the city passed by a 2/3 majority of the council. All existing ordinances and charter ordinances relating to the mayor being considered part of the city governing body shall remain in effect until amended or repealed by such city. (K.S.A. 12-104).

Gross Weight. The weight of a vehicle without load plus the weight of any load thereon.

Habitual Violator. Defined as in K.S.A. 8-285.

Highway. Every way or place of whatever nature open to the use of the public as a matter of right for the purpose of vehicular travel. The term highway shall not be deemed to include a roadway or driveway upon grounds owned by private owners, colleges, universities or other institutions. See also Street or Highway.

House Trailer.

(a) A trailer or semitrailer which is designed, constructed and equipped as a dwelling place, living abode or sleeping place, either permanently or temporarily, and is equipped for use as a conveyance on streets and highways; or

(b) A trailer or a semitrailer whose chassis and exterior shell is designed and constructed for use as a house trailer, as defined in paragraph (a), but which is used instead permanently or temporarily for the advertising, sales, display or promotion of merchandise or services, or for any other commercial purpose except the transportation of property for hire or the transportation of property for distribution by a private carrier.

Identifying Numbers. The numbers, and letters, if any, on a vehicle designated by the division for the purpose of identifying the vehicle. (K.S.A. 8-1426)

Ignition Interlock Device. A device which uses a breath analysis mechanism to prevent a person from operating a motor vehicle if such person has consumed an alcoholic beverage.

Implement of Husbandry. Every vehicle designed or adapted and used exclusively for agricultural operations and only incidentally moved or operated upon the highways. Such term shall include, but not be limited to, a fertilizer spreader or nurse tank used exclusively for dispensing or spreading water, dust or liquid fertilizers or agricultural chemicals, as defined in K.S.A. 2-2202, and amendments thereto, regardless of ownership. For the purpose of this section or for the purpose of the act of which this section is a part, “implement of husbandry” shall not include:

(a) A truck mounted with a fertilizer spreader used or manufactured principally to spread animal dung;

(b) a mixer-feed truck owned and used by a feedlot, as defined by K.S.A. 47-1501, and amendments thereto, and specially designed and used exclusively for dispensing feed to livestock in such feedlot; or

(c) a truck permanently mounted with a spreader used exclusively for dispensing or spreading water, dust or liquid fertilizers or agricultural chemicals, as defined in K.S.A. 2-2202, and amendments thereto, regardless of ownership. (K.S.A. 8-1427).

Intersection.

(a) The area embraced within the prolongation or connection of the lateral curb lines, or, if none, then the lateral boundary lines of the roadways of two highways which join one another at, or approximately at, right angles, or the area within which vehicles traveling upon different highways joining at any other angle may come in conflict; or

(b) Where a highway includes two roadways 30 feet or more apart, then every crossing of each roadway of such divided highway by an intersecting highway shall be regarded as a separate intersection. In the event such intersecting highway also includes two roadways 30 feet or more apart, then every crossing of two roadways of such highways shall be regarded as a separate intersection.

The junction of an alley with a street or highway shall not constitute an intersection.

Interstate System. The national system of interstate and defense highways.

Laned Roadway. A roadway which is divided into two or more clearly marked lanes for vehicular traffic.

License or License to Operate a Motor Vehicle. Any driver’s license or any other license or permit to operate a motor vehicle issued under, or granted by, the laws of this state, including:

(a) Any temporary license, or instruction permit;

(b) The privilege of any person to drive a motor vehicle whether or not such person holds a valid license; and

Lien Holder. A person holding a security interest in a vehicle. (K.S.A. 8-1431)

Light Transmission. The ratio of the amount of total light to pass through a product or material including any safety glazing material to the amount of the total light falling on the product or material and the glazing.

Light Weight Roadable Vehicle. A multipurpose motor vehicle that is allowed to be driven on public roadways and is required to be registered with, and flown under the direction of, the federal aviation administration. (K.S.A. 8-1496)

Local Authorities. The Kansas turnpike authority and every city, county and other local board or body having authority to adopt ordinances or regulations relating to vehicular traffic under the constitution and laws of this state. (K.S.A. 8-1432)

Low-Speed Vehicle. Any four-wheeled electric vehicle whose top speed is greater than 20 miles per hour but not greater than 25 miles per hour and is manufactured in compliance with the national highway and traffic safety administration standards for low-speed vehicles in 49 C.F.R. 571.500.

Luminous Reflectants. The ratio of the amount of total light that is reflected outward by the product or material to the amount of the total light falling on the product or material.

Mail. To deposit in the United States mail properly addressed and with postage prepaid.

Manufacturer. Every person engaged in the business of constructing or assembling vehicles of a type required to be registered in this state. (K.S.A. 8-1434)

Metal Tire. Every tire, the surface of which in contact with the highway, is wholly or partly of metal or other hard non-resilient material.

Micro Utility Truck. Any motor vehicle which is not less than 48 inches in width, has an overall length, including the bumper, of not more than 160 inches, has an unladen weight, including fuel and fluids, of more than 1,500 pounds, can exceed 40 miles per hour as originally manufactured and is manufactured with a metal cab. Micro utility truck does not include a work-site utility vehicle.

Motor Home. Every motor vehicle designed to provide temporary living quarters for recreational, camping or travel use.

Motor Vehicle. Every vehicle, other than a motorized bicycle, electric-assisted bicycle or a motorized wheelchair, that is self propelled. (K.S.A. 8-1437; K.S.A. 8-126(w)).

Motorcycle. Every motor vehicle, including autocycles, having a seat or saddle for the use of the rider and designed to travel on not more than three wheels in contact with the ground, but excluding an electric-assisted bicycle or a tractor. (K.S.A. 8-1438)

Motor-Driven Cycle. Every motorcycle, including every motor scooter, with a motor which produces not to exceed five brake horsepower, and every bicycle with motor attached, except a motorized bicycle or an electric-assisted bicycle.

Motorized Bicycle. Every device, other than an electric assisted bicycle, having two tandem wheels or three wheels that may be propelled by either human power or helper motor, or by both, and that has: (a) a motor that produces not more than 3.5 brake horsepower; (b) a cylinder capacity of not more than 130 cubic centimeters; (c) an automatic transmission; and (d) the capability of a maximum design speed of no more than 30 miles per hour except a low power cycle. (K.S.A. 8-1439a)

Motorized Skateboard. A self-propelled device which has a motor or engine, a deck on which a person may ride and at least two wheels in contact with the ground.

Motorized Wheelchair. Any self-propelled vehicle designed specifically for use by a physically disabled person and such vehicle is incapable of a speed in excess of 15 miles per hour.

Narrow Width Lane. A lane that is too narrow for a bicycle and a vehicle to travel safely side-by-side within the lane.

Nonreflective. A product or material designed to absorb light rather than to reflect it.

Nonresident. Every person who is not a resident of this state.

Nonresident’s Operating Privilege. The privilege conferred upon a nonresident by the laws of this state pertaining to the operation by such person of a motor vehicle, or the use of a vehicle owned by such person, in this state.

Official Time Standard. Whenever certain hours are specified they shall mean standard time or daylight-saving time as may be in current use in this city.

Official Traffic-Control Devices. All signs, signals, markings, and devices, not inconsistent with this ordinance, placed or erected by authority of a public body or official having jurisdiction for the purpose of regulating, warning or guiding traffic.

Official Traffic-Control Signal. Any device, whether manually, electrically or mechanically operated, by which traffic is alternately directed to stop and permitted to proceed.

Oil Well Servicing, Oil Well Clean-out or Oil Well Drilling Machinery or Equipment. A vehicle constructed as a machine used exclusively for servicing, cleaning-out or drilling an oil well and consisting in general of a mast, an engine for power, a draw works and a chassis permanently constructed or assembled for one or more of those purposes. The passenger capacity of the cab of a vehicle shall not be considered in determining whether such vehicle is oil well servicing, oil well clean-out or oil well drilling machinery or equipment.

Ordinance Traffic Infraction. Is a violation of any section of this ordinance that prescribes or requires the same behavior as that prescribed or required by a statutory provision that is classified as a traffic infraction in K.S.A. 8-2118, as amended.

Other Competent Evidence. Includes:

(a) alcohol concentration tests obtained from samples taken three hours or more after the operation or attempted operation of a vehicle; and

(b) readings obtained from a partial alcohol concentration test on a breath testing machine.

Owner. A person, other than a lienholder, having the property in or title to a vehicle; and such term includes a person entitled to the use and possession of a vehicle subject to a security interest in another person, but excludes a lessee under a lease not intended as security. (K.S.A. 8-1443).

Park or Parking. The standing of a vehicle, whether occupied or not, otherwise than temporarily for the purpose of and while actually engaged in loading or unloading property or passengers.

Passenger Car. Every motor vehicle, except motorcycles and motor-driven cycles, designed for carrying ten (10) passengers or less and used for the transportation of persons. A motor vehicle, manufactured or assembled after January 1, 1968, or a motor vehicle manufactured or assembled prior to 1968 which was manufactured or assembled with safety belts, with motive power designed for carrying 10 passengers or fewer, including vans, but does not include a motorcycle or a motor-driven cycle. (K.S.A. 8-1445; 8-2502).

Pedestrian.

(a) Any person afoot;

(b) Any person in a wheelchair, either manually or mechanically propelled, or other low powered, mechanically propelled vehicle designed specifically for use by a physically disabled person; or

Person. Every natural person, firm, partnership, association or corporation.

Person with a Disability. Any individual who:

(a) Has a severe visual impairment;

(b) Cannot walk 100 feet without stopping to rest;

(c) Cannot walk without the use of or assistance from, a brace, cane, crutch, another person, prosthetic device, wheelchair or other assistive device;

(d) Is restricted by lung disease to such an extent that the person’s forced (respiratory) expiratory volume for one second, when measured by spirometry, is less than one liter or the arterial oxygen tension is less than 60 mm/hg on room air at rest;

(e) Uses portable oxygen;

(f) Has a cardiac condition to the extent that the person’s functional limitations are classified in severity as class III or class IV according to standards set by the American heart association; or

(g) Is severely limited in such person’s ability to walk at least 100 feet due to an arthritic, neurological or orthopedic condition.

Pneumatic Tire. Every tire in which compressed air is designed to support the load.

Pole Trailer. Every vehicle without motive power designed to be drawn by another vehicle and attached to the towing vehicle by means of a reach or pole, or by being boomed or otherwise secured to the towing vehicle, and ordinarily used for transporting long or irregular shaped loads such as poles, pipes or structural members capable, generally, of sustaining themselves as beams between the supporting connections. (K.S.A. 8-1449).

Police Officer. Every law enforcement officer, as defined in K.S.A. 21-5111, authorized to direct or regulate traffic or to make arrests for violations of traffic regulations.

Private Road or Driveway. Every way or place in private ownership and used for vehicular travel by the owner and those having express or implied permission from the owner, but not by other persons.

Racing. The use of one or more vehicles in an attempt to out- gain, out-distance or prevent another vehicle from passing, to arrive at a given destination ahead of another vehicle or vehicles, or to test the physical stamina or endurance of drivers over long distance driving routes.

Railroad. A carrier of persons or property upon cars operated upon stationary rails.

Railroad Sign or Signal. Any sign, signal or device erected by authority of a public body or official or by a railroad and intended to give notice of the presence of railroad tracks or the approach of a railroad train.

Railroad Train. A steam engine, electric or other motor, with or without cars coupled thereto, operated upon rails.

Recreational Off-Highway Vehicle. Any motor vehicle not greater than 75 inches in width measured from the outside of one tire rim to the outside of the other tire rim, having a dry weight of 3,500 pounds or less, traveling on four or more nonhighway tires. (K.S.A. 8-126(hh))

Recreational Vehicle. A vehicular-type unit built on or for use on a chassis and designed primarily as living quarters for recreational, camping, vacation or travel use and which has its own motive power or is mounted on or drawn by another vehicle, and which has a body width not exceeding eight feet and a body length not exceeding 40 feet; but such term shall not include a unit which has no electrical system which operates above 12 volts and has no provisions for plumbing, heating and any other component or feature for which a standard is adopted by the state uniform standards code for mobile homes and recreational vehicles.

Registration. The registration certificate or certificates and registration plates issued under the laws of this state pertaining to the registration of vehicles.

Residence District. The territory contiguous to and including a highway not comprising a business district when the property on such highway for a distance of 300 feet or more is improved in the main, with residences or residences and buildings in use for business.

Revocation of Driver’s License. The termination by formal action of the division of a person’s license or privilege to operate a motor vehicle on the highways, which termination shall not be subject to renewal or restoration except that an application for a new license may be presented and acted upon by the division after the expiration of the applicable period of time prescribed in K.S.A. 8-256 and any amendments thereto. (K.S.A. 8-1457).

Right-of-Way. The right of one vehicle or pedestrian to proceed in a lawful manner in preference to another vehicle or pedestrian approaching under such circumstances of direction, speed and proximity as to give rise to danger of collision unless one grants precedence to the other.

Road Construction Zone. The portions of a highway which are identified by posted or moving signs as being a construction or maintenance work area. The zone starts at the first sign identifying the zone and continues until a posted or moving sign indicates that the road construction zone has ended.

Roadway. That portion of a highway improved, designed, or ordinarily used for vehicular travel, exclusive of the berm or shoulder. In the event a highway includes two or more separate roadways the term roadway as used herein shall refer to any such roadway separately but not to all such roadways collectively.

Safety Hitch. A chain, cable, or other material of sufficient weight which will prevent the towed vehicle from breaking loose in the event the towbar or drawbar fails or becomes disconnected.

Safety Zone. The area or space officially set apart within a roadway for the exclusive use of pedestrians and which is protected or is so marked or indicated by adequate signs as to be plainly visible at all times while set apart as a safety zone.

Samples. Includes breath supplied directly for testing, which breath is not preserved.

School Bus. Every motor vehicle defined and designated as a school bus in K.S.A. 72-6486(g)(1), formerly cited as K.S.A. 72-8301(g). (K.S.A. 8-1461).

School Crossing Guard. Any person 18 years of age and older or any person under 18 years of age who is being directly supervised by a person at least 18 years of age, acting with or without compensation and who is authorized under K.S.A. 8-15,104, and amendments thereto, to supervise, direct, monitor, or otherwise assist school children at a street or intersection in the vicinity of a school crosswalk or bus stop.

Secretary. The Secretary of Transportation.

Security Agreement. A written agreement which reserves or creates a security interest.

Security Interest. An interest in a vehicle reserved or created by agreement and which secures payment or performance of an obligation. The term includes the interest of a lessor under a lease intended as security. A security interest is “perfected” when it is valid against third parties generally, subject only to specific statutory exceptions.

Self-propelled Farm Implement. Every farm implement designed for specific use applications with its motive power unit permanently incorporated in its structural design.

Semitrailer. Every vehicle with or without motive power, other than a pole trailer, designed for carrying persons or property and for being drawn by a motor vehicle, and so constructed that some part of its weight and that of its load rests upon or is carried by another vehicle. (K.S.A. 8-1464).

Sidewalk. That portion of a street between the curb lines, or the lateral lines of a roadway, and the adjacent property lines intended for the use of pedestrians.

Solid Rubber Tire. Every tire of rubber or other resilient material which does not depend upon compressed air for the support of the load.

Special Mobile Equipment. Every vehicle not designed or used primarily for the transportation of persons or property and only incidentally operated or moved over a highway, including but not limited to: Ditch digging apparatus, well boring apparatus and road construction and maintenance machinery such as asphalt spreaders, bituminous mixers, bucket loaders, tractors other than truck tractors, ditchers, leveling graders, finishing machines, motor graders, road rollers, scarifiers, earth moving carry-alls and scrapers, power shovels and drag lines, and self- propelled cranes and earth moving equipment. The term does not include house trailers, dump trucks, truck mounted transit mixers, cranes or shovels, or other vehicles designed for the transportation of persons or property to which machinery has been attached.

Specially Constructed Vehicle. Every vehicle of a type required to be registered in this state, not originally constructed under a distinctive name, make, model or type by a generally recognized manufacturer of vehicles and not materially altered from its original construction. (K.S.A. 8-1468).

Stand or Standing. The halting of a vehicle, whether occupied or not, otherwise than temporarily for the purpose of and while actually engaged in receiving or discharging passengers.

State. The State of Kansas.

Stop. When required means complete cessation from movement.

Stop or Stopping. When prohibited means any halting, even momentarily, of a vehicle, whether occupied or not, except when necessary to avoid conflict with other traffic or in compliance with the directions of a police officer or traffic-control sign or signal.

Street or Highway. The entire width between the boundary lines of every way publicly maintained when any part thereof is open to the use of the public for purposes of vehicular travel. Where the word “highway” or the word “street” is used in this ordinance, it shall mean street, avenue, boulevard, thoroughfare, trafficway, alley and other public way for vehicular travel by whatever name unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

Sun Screening Devices. A film material or device that is designed to be used in conjunction with motor vehicle safety glazing materials for reducing the effects of the sun.

Suspension of a Driver’s License. The temporary withdrawal by formal action of the division of a person’s license or privilege to operate a motor vehicle on the highways.

Through Highway. Every highway or portion thereof on which vehicular traffic is given preferential right-of-way, and at the entrances to which vehicular traffic from intersecting highways is required by law to yield the right-of-way to vehicles on such highway in obedience to either a stop sign, yield sign or other traffic-control device, when such signs or devices are erected as provided in this ordinance.

Tow Bar. A rigid piece of material which is structurally adequate to hold any weight vehicle towed and which is properly and securely mounted to the towed vehicle without excessive slack but with sufficient play to allow for universal action of the connection and which is equipped with a suitable locking device to prevent accidental separation of the towing vehicle and the towed vehicle.

Toxic Vapors. The following substances or products containing such substances:

(a) Alcohols, including methyl, isopropyl, propyl, or butyl;

(b) Aliphatic acetates, including ethyl, methyl, propyl, or methyl cellosolve acetate;

(d) Benzene;

(e) Carbon tetrachloride;

(f) Cyclohexane;

(g) Freons, including freon 11, freon 12 and other halogenated hydrocarbons;

(h) Hexane;

(i) Methyl ethyl ketone;

(j) Methyl isobutyl ketone;

(k) Naptha;

(l) Perchlorethylene;

(m) Toluene;

(n) Trichloroethane; or

(o) Xylene.

Traffic. Pedestrians, ridden or herded animals, vehicles and other conveyances either singly or together while using any highway for purposes of travel.

Traffic-Control Signal. Any device, whether manually, electrically or mechanically operated, by which traffic is alternately directed to stop and permitted to proceed.

Traffic Control Signal Preemption Device. Any device, instrument, or mechanism designed, intended, or used to interfere with the operation or cycle of a traffic-control signal.

Traffic Infraction. A violation of any of the statutory provisions listed in subsection (c) of K.S.A. 8-2118 as amended.

Trailer. Every vehicle with or without motive power, other than a pole trailer, designed for carrying persons or property and for being drawn by a motor vehicle, and so constructed that no part of its weight rests upon the towing vehicle. (K.S.A. 8-1479).

Transportation Network Company. A corporation, partnership, sole proprietorship or other entity operating in Kansas that uses a digital network to connect transportation network company riders to transportation network company drivers who provide prearranged rides. A transportation network company shall not be deemed to control, direct or manage the personal vehicles or transportation network company drivers that connect to its digital network, except where agreed to by written contract. (K.S.A. 8-2702(e))

Transportation Network Company Driver. An individual who:

(1) Receives connections to potential passengers and related services from a transportation network company in exchange for payment of a fee to the transportation network company; and

(2) Uses a personal vehicle to provide services for riders matched through a digital network controlled by a transportation network company and receives, in exchange for providing the passenger a ride, compensation that exceeds the individual’s cost to provide the ride. (K.S.A. 8-2702(f))

Travel Trailer. Every vehicle without motive power designed to be towed by a motor vehicle constructed primarily for recreational purposes.

Truck. Every motor vehicle designed, used or maintained primarily for the transportation of property. (K.S.A. 8-1481).

Truck-Camper. Any structure designed, used or maintained primarily to be loaded on or affixed to a motor vehicle to provide a mobile dwelling, sleeping place, office or commercial space.

Truck Tractor. Every motor vehicle designed and used primarily for drawing other vehicles, and not so constructed as to carry a load other than a part of the weight of the vehicle or load so drawn.

Urban District. The territory contiguous to and including any street which is built up with structures devoted to business, industry or dwelling houses, situated at intervals of less than 100 feet for a distance of a quarter of a mile or more.

Vehicle. Every device in, upon, or by which any person or property is or may be transported or drawn upon a public highway, excepting electric personal assistive mobility devices or devices moved by human power or used exclusively upon stationary rails or tracks.

Waste Collection Vehicle. A vehicle specifically designed and equipped and used exclusively for garbage, refuse, recycling or solid waste collection or disposal operations.

Wide-Base Single Tires. All tires having a section width, as specified by the manufacturer, of 14 inches or more.

Wireless Communication Device. Any wireless electronic communication device that provides for voice or data communication between two or more parties, including, but not limited to, a mobile or cellular telephone, a text messaging device, a personal digital assistant that sends or receives messages, an audio-video player that sends or receives messages or a laptop computer. Wireless communication device does not include a device which is voice-operated and which allows the user to send or receive a text based communication without the use of either hand, except to activate or deactivate a feature or function.

Work-Site Utility Vehicle. Any motor vehicle which is not less than 48 inches in width, has an unladen weight, including fuel and fluids, of more than 800 pounds and is equipped with four or more nonhighway tires, a steering wheel and bench or bucket- type seating allowing at least two people to sit side-by-side, and may be equipped with a bed or cargo box for hauling materials. Work-site utility vehicle does not include a micro utility truck.

Wrecker or Tow Truck. Any motor vehicle equipped with booms, winches or similar equipment specifically designed for recovery or towing of vehicles.

Write, Send or Read a Written Communication. Using a wireless communication device to manually type, send or read a written communication, including, but not limited to, a text message, instant message or electronic mail.

(K.S.A. 8-126; K.S.A. 8-1013; K.S.A. 8-1402 – 8-1489; K.S.A. 8-1590; K.S.A.8-1730a; K.S.A. 8-1749b; K.S.A.8-1761; K.S.A.8-1, 124; K.S.A. 8-2, 128; K.S.A. 39-1006; K.S.A. 66-1329; K.S.A. 75-1212)